HINDRANCES

STUMBLING AND STUMBLING BLOCKS.
+A STUMBLING BLOCK is an obstacle or hindrance to progress.
+STUMBLING: to walk unsteadily.

“For it is written: “As I live, says the Lord, Every knee shall bow to Me, And every tongue shall confess to God.” So then each of us shall give account of himself to God. Therefore let us not judge one another anymore, but rather resolve this, not to put a stumbling block or a cause to fall in our brother’s way.” (Romans 14:11‭-‬13 NKJV).

“But beware lest somehow this liberty of yours become a stumbling block to those who are weak.” (I Corinthians 8:9 NKJV).


+Be very careful NOT to spoil people. Spoiling people become a STUMBLING BLOCK to them.
+When you spoil people you are creating an obstacle and hindrance to their Growth, Development and Maturation in life and in the Lord.
+Spoiled people are extremely unsteady in many areas. They are undisciplined and irresponsible. They cry and complain when they are not being spoiled by others. They are very needy, and they are deceived to think that it is the responsibility and obligation of others to meet their needs.
+Remember this if you were to pick up your baby every time it cries while crawling, your baby will never learn to walk.


1John2:10 says :He that loves his brother abides in the light, and there is no occasion of STUMBLING in him.

“Do you not know that those who run in a race all run, but one receives the prize? Run in such a way that you may obtain it. And everyone who competes for the prize is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a perishable crown, but we for an imperishable crown. Therefore , I run thus: not with uncertainty. Thus, I fight: not as one who beats the air. But I discipline my body and bring it into subjection, lest, when I have preached to others, I myself should become disqualified.” (I Corinthians 9:24‭-‬27 NKJV).


+Never make the mistake by thinking that spoiling people is loving them. Love people without spoiling them.
•Continue to let the WORD of God be the standard for your life. Always LOVING others like Christ Jesus Loves us while keeping our Faith, Trust, and Confidence in Him.

“Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen.”
[Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV] •BLESSED you are and BLESSED you will always be and to God be all the GLORY. Amen!

THE BELIEVERS WEAPONS OF WAR.

“For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war according to the flesh. For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal but mighty in God for pulling down strongholds, casting down arguments and every high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, bringing every thought into captivity to the obedience of Christ, and being ready to punish all disobedience when your obedience is fulfilled.” (II Corinthians 10:3‭-‬6 NKJV).

BEFORE WE GO INTO WARFARE WE MUST PUT ON GOD’S ARMOR.

“Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places. Therefore take up the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand. Stand therefore, having girded your waist with truth, having put on the breastplate of righteousness, and having shod your feet with the preparation of the gospel of peace; above all, taking the shield of faith with which you will be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked one. And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God; praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, being watchful to this end with all perseverance and supplication for all the saints—..” (Ephesians 6:11‭-‬18 NKJV).


Every battle requires proper weaponry to fight and win . God’s weapons and armor are available to every believer, which will guarantee your victory at all times. Our most effective weapon is God’s Word, which is :

“For the word of God is living and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the division of soul and spirit, and of joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.” (Hebrews 4:12 NKJV).

The truth is, without God’s divine weapons, we will struggle and sweat in the battles of life.
It’s high time you lay hold upon your divine weapons for total demolition of every satanic structure erected and built against your life. Rise up and fight through the word and prayer for your life, marriage, business, and career. VICTORY is yours today! REMEMBER as the scripture says earlier. “the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but they are mighty through God to the pulling down of every satanic stronghold.”

Most people don’t even know that the Name of Jesus is a weapon. “..that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, and of those on earth, and of those under the earth, and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.” (Philippians 2:10‭-‬11 NKJV).

PRAYER
I pull down every satanic stronghold operating against my life ,and every satanic tree planted against my destiny and success will be uprooted now in THE ALMIGHTY JESUS NAME.

I DECLARE TODAY
Today, I confess that I am what God says I am. I will do what God says i should do. Therefore, I am more than a conqueror in Christ Jesus. Amen/ Shalom.

Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen.
[Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV]. Thank you, my beloved brother, Hugh James,for getting me started.

STUMBLING AND STUMBLING BLOCKS. +A STUMBLING BLOCK is an obstacle or hindrance to progress.+STUMBLING: to walk unsteadily. Romans 14:13 Let us NOT therefore judge one another any more: but judge this rather, that no man put a STUMBLING BLOCK or an occasion to fall in his brother’s way. +Be very careful NOT to spoil people. Spoiling people become a STUMBLING BLOCK to them. +When you spoil people you are creating an obstacle and hindrance to their Growth, Development and Maturation in life and in the Lord. +Spoiled people are extremely unsteady in many areas. They are undisciplined and irresponsible. They cry and complain when they are not being spoiled by others. They are very needy, and they are deceived to think that it is the responsibility and obligation of others to meet their needs. +Remember this if you were to pick up your baby every time it cries while crawling, your baby will never learn to walk. 1John2:10 He that loves his brother abides in the light, and there is no occasion of STUMBLING in him. +Never make the mistake by thinking that spoiling people is loving them. Love people without spoiling them. •Continue to let the WORD of God be the standard for your life. Always LOVING others like Christ Jesus Loves us while keeping our Faith, Trust, and Confidence in Him. •BLESSED you are and BLESSED you will always be and to God be all the GLORY. Amen!

POWER OF THE TONGUE.

“A fool’s mouth is his destruction, And his lips are the snare of his soul. ” (Proverbs 18:7 NKJV).

“Death and life are in the power of the tongue, And those who love it will eat its fruit.” (Proverbs 18:21 NKJV).

“Brood of vipers! How can you, being evil, speak good things? For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks. A good man out of the good treasure of his heart brings forth good things, and an evil man out of the evil treasure brings forth evil things. But I say to you that for every idle word men may speak, they will give account of it in the day of judgment. For by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.” (Matthew 12:34‭-‬37 NKJV).

“But no man can tame the tongue. It is an unruly evil, full of deadly poison. With it we bless our God and Father, and with it we curse men, who have been made in the similitude of God. Out of the same mouth proceed blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not to be so. Does a spring send forth fresh water and bitter from the same opening? (James 3:8‭-‬11 NKJV).

I agree with God and His promises in His Word. Because I agree with Him and His word,I speak those things which He promised.

“Now when Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion came to Him, pleading with Him, saying, “Lord, my servant is lying at home paralyzed, dreadfully tormented.” And Jesus said to him, “I will come and heal him.” The centurion answered and said, “Lord, I am not worthy that You should come under my roof. BUT ONLY SPEAK A WORD, AND MY SERVANT WILL BE HEALED. For I also am a man under authority, having soldiers under me. And I say to this one, ‘Go,’ and he goes; and to another, ‘Come,’ and he comes; and to my servant, ‘Do this,’ and he does it.” When Jesus heard it, He marveled, and said to those who followed, “Assuredly, I say to you, I have not found such great faith, not even in Israel!” (Matthew 8:5‭-‬10 NKJV).


+To make a long story short the Centurion’s servant got healed and Jesus told the Centurion that he had GREAT FAITH.
+Never under estimate the Power of God’s WORD when you speak it into your situation.
+We do the believing and the speaking.
+The Holy Spirit empowers the Word and brings it to pass.
Hebrews 10:23 KJVS says :
Let us hold fast the profession of our faith without wavering; (for he is faithful that promised;)
•Continue to let the WORD of God be the standard for our lives. Always LOVING others like Christ Jesus loves us while keeping our Faith, Trust and Confidence in Him.

Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen.
[Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV].


•BLESSED we are and BLESSED we will always be and to God be all the GLORY. Amen!!!

STANDING ON GOD’S WORD

How do you know that God’s Word is real? By faith,it makes you know the things of God are real. Faith in God,will move mountains. In the wisdom of God there is strategy, in Strategy there is victory and in the victory there is the glory of God.

The Old Testament is done the law has been fulfilled by Jesus. “Do not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill.”(Matthew 5:17 NKJV). The law has been given to prove that man can’t keep the word of God on his own. No man can live with every word of God without the spirit of God.

“For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge. For they being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and seeking to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted to the righteousness of God. For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes.” (Romans 10:2‭-‬4 NKJV).

When you live in the divine nature. Don’t talk about your problems because they will continue to stay with you. Talk about your solutions so that you will be delivered from your problems once and for all. “Are you sick or are you healed” The symptoms are not sickness they have to believe and have faith to be healed. Belief kills fear,sickness, disease, and doubts, and administer healing that Jesus gave us:

“But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, And by His stripes we are healed.” ( Isaiah 53:5 NKJV). “who Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree, that we, having died to sins, might live for righteousness—by whose stripes you were healed.” (I Peter 2:24 NKJV)

“And these signs will follow those who believe: In My name they will cast out demons; they will speak with new tongues; they will take up serpents; and if they drink anything deadly, it will by no means hurt them; they will lay hands on the sick, and they will recover.” (Mark 16:17‭-‬18 NKJV).

“Grace and peace be multiplied to you in the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord, as His divine power has given to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of Him who called us by glory and virtue, by which have been given to us exceedingly great and precious promises, that through these you may be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust.” (II Peter 1:2‭-‬4 NKJV).

Prayer is communicating with God to bring all things for his attention for his divine intervention. You don’t ask God to heal. You pronounce God’s healing over your life. Your character is like a monitor it’s going to reflect what’s inside so you can see it and hear fruit from there. When you can go all the way through foresight, seeing the end from the beginning.

“Confess your trespasses to one another, and pray for one another, that you may be healed. THE EFFECTIVE, FERVENT PRAYER OF A RIGHTEOUS MAN/(PERSON) AVAILS MUCH.” (James 5:16 NKJV). “And in that day you will ask Me nothing. Most assuredly, I say to you, whatever you ask the Father in My name He will give you. Until now, you have asked nothing in My name. Ask, and you will receive, that your joy may be full.” (John 16:23‭-‬24 NKJV).

Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen.
[Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV]

SIN

SIN ENTERTAIN, BEFORE IT ASSASSINATE. SO when sin comes knocking, send it packing .

“For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.” (Romans 6:23 NKJV).

“This is the message which we have heard from Him and declare to you, that God is light and in Him is no darkness at all. If we say that we have fellowship with Him, and walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth. But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanses us from all sin. If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. If we say that we have not sinned, we make Him a liar, and His word is not in us.” (I John 1:5‭-‬10 NKJV).

Therefore submit to God. Resist the devil and he will flee from you. Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and purify your hearts, you double-minded.” (James 4:7‭-‬8 NKJV).

We All Have Done Wrong At Some Point In our Lives.
+Some of us are repeat offenders, and others are not repeat offenders.
+Some of us have learned a lesson, and others have NOT learned a thing.
+And because consequences or punishment are not speedily executed, many offenders do not repent of their sins, but instead, they repeat them.
James 4:17
Therefore, to him, he knows to do good and does it not. To him, it is sin.
Ecclesiastes 8:11
Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the HEART of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil.
Proverb 4:23
Keep your HEART with all diligence; for out of it are the issues of life.
+Remember, we do good to please God and to demonstrate our love for Him.
•Continue to let the WORD of God be the standard for your life. Always LOVING others like Christ Jesus loves us while keeping our Faith, Trust, and Confidence in Him.

Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen. [Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV].


•BLESSED you are and BLESSED you will always be and to God be all the GLORY. Amen!

GIVE YOUR PROBLEMS TO GOD,AND ACCEPT HIS PEACE.

Don’t allow the devil and his agents to steal your peace,joy and happiness . Give it all to God ,and leave it with Him.

“Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God; and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus. Finally, brethren, whatever things are true, whatever things are noble, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report, if there is any virtue and if there is anything praiseworthy—meditate on these things. The things which you learned and received and heard and saw in me, these do, and the God of peace will be with you.” (Philippians 4:6‭-‬9 NKJV).

Have you given all your problems to the Lord? In 1 Peter 5:7 (AMP) He said:
Casting the whole of your care [all your anxieties, all your worries, all your concerns, once and for all] on Him (The Lord Jesus Christ), for He (The Lord Jesus Christ) cares for you affectionately and cares about you watchfully.
Then, in Matthew 12:28-30, Jesus said:
“Come unto me, all you that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.
Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and all of you shall find rest unto your souls.
For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.”
+In spite of all that we maybe going through the Lord is still our Healer, Deliverer, Redeemer, Protector, Provider, and Burden Bearer.
+In Him, we have Total Victory because He is our Victory. Hallelujah!

The Benefits of having the PEACE of God in our Minds and Hearts,when we give it all to God.
•PEACE in your MIND prevents frustration and confusion in the mind.
•PEACE in the MIND brings clarity of thinking and opens you up to the Mind and Wisdom of Christ.
Rom 12:2; 1Cor 2:14 reminds us that :
Our minds are renewed, and we have the Mind of Christ.
•PEACE in the HEART (your spirit) causes you to hear the Voice of God.
•PEACE in your HEART makes you sensitive to the inward witness and promptings of the Holy Spirit.
Rom 8:16 confirmed, this fact:
The Spirit Himself bears witness with our spirit…
Plus 1 John 5:6 says,
…and it is the Spirit that bears witness because the Spirit is truth.

“But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, willing to yield, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality and without hypocrisy. Now the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace by those who make peace.” (James 3:17‭-‬18 NKJV).


•The PEACE of God in our minds and hearts helps us to walk in the Spirit and not in the flesh. This also helps us to know the good and acceptable and perfect will of God and to walk fully pleasing unto Him.
Hold your peace and keep your peace.

“Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen.”
[ Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV].


+++Blessed you are and blessed you will always be and to God be all the glory. Amen!

ADJUST YOUR THOUGHTS

Your thoughts can lead you to victory or defeat,torment, or peace. To love or hate, truth or lies, righteousness or unrighteousness ,Holiness or unholy acts,faith or doubt. Choose your thoughts wisely. GOD TEACHES US HOW TO ADJUST OUR THOUGHTS.

“This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate in it day and night, that you may observe to do according to all that is written in it. For then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have good success. Have I not commanded you? Be strong and of good courage; do not be afraid, nor be dismayed, for the Lord your God is with you wherever you go.” (Joshua 1:8‭-‬9 NKJV).

“How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! How great is the sum of them! If I should count them, they are more in number than the sand: When I awake, I am still with thee. Search me, O God, and know my heart: Try me, and know my thoughts: And see if there be any wicked way in me, And lead me in the way everlasting.” (Psalm 139:17‭-‬18‭, ‬23‭-‬24 NKJV).

“For as he thinketh in his heart, so is he: Eat and drink, saith he to thee; But his heart is not with thee.” (Proverbs 23:7 KJV).

“For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways, saith the LORD. For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways, and my thoughts than your thoughts.” (Isaiah 55:8‭-‬9 KJV).

“I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service. And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God. For I say, through the grace given unto me, to every man that is among you, not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think; but to think soberly, according as God hath dealt to every man the measure of faith.” (Romans 12:1‭-‬3 KJV).

“If then you were raised with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ is, sitting at the right hand of God. Set your mind on things above, not on things on the earth.” (Colossians 3:1‭-‬2 NKJV).

“Finally, brethren, whatever things are true, whatever things are noble, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report, if there is any virtue and if there is anything praiseworthy—meditate on these things. The things which you learned and received and heard and saw in me, these do, and the God of peace will be with you.” (Philippians 4:8‭-‬9 NKJV).

“Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy, to the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen. ” [Jude 1:24‭-‬25 KJV].

I SHALL LIVE,AND NOT DIE.

If you’re living by every Word of God, then you can’t die by it. Therefore, stand on, and by God’s Word and His promises. Are you looking for healing from God or treatment from men ? Decree God’s word over your life and your circumstances.

“You will make your prayer to Him, He will hear you, And you will pay your vows. You will also declare a thing, and it will be established for you; so light will shine on your ways.” (Job 22:27‭-‬28 NKJV).

“I shall not die, but live, And declare the works of the Lord.” (Psalms 118:17 NKJV).

“Surely He has borne our griefs And carried our sorrows; Yet we esteemed Him stricken, Smitten by God, and afflicted. But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, And by His stripes we are healed.” (Isaiah 53:4‭-‬5 NKJV).

“He shall call upon Me, and I will answer him; I will be with him in trouble; I will deliver him and honor him. With long life I will satisfy him, And show him My salvation.” (Psalms 91:15‭-‬16 NKJV).

“When evening had come, they brought to Him many who were demon-possessed. And He cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all who were sick, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Isaiah the prophet, saying: “He Himself took our infirmities And bore our sicknesses.” (Matthew 8:16‭-‬17 NKJV).

“who Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree, that we, having died to sins, might live for righteousness—by whose stripes you were healed.” (I Peter 2:24 NKJV).

“Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen.”
[Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV]

WOES TO THOSE WHO SOW DISCORD.

“Woe to those who call evil good, and good evil; Who put darkness for light, and light for darkness; Who put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter! Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes, And prudent in their own sight! Woe to men mighty at drinking wine, Woe to men valiant for mixing intoxicating drink, Who justify the wicked for a bribe, And take away justice from the righteous man! Therefore, as the fire devours the stubble, And the flame consumes the chaff, So their root will be as rottenness, And their blossom will ascend like dust; Because they have rejected the law of the Lord of hosts, And despised the word of the Holy One of Israel.”
(Isaiah 5:20‭-‬24 NKJV).

“Blessed is the man Who walks not in the counsel of the ungodly, Nor stands in the path of sinners, Nor sits in the seat of the scornful; But his delight is in the law of the Lord, And in His law he meditates day and night. He shall be like a tree Planted by the rivers of water, That brings forth its fruit in its season, Whose leaf also shall not wither; And whatever he does shall prosper. The ungodly are not so, But are like the chaff which the wind drives away. Therefore, the ungodly shall not stand in the judgment, Nor sinners in the congregation of the righteous. For the Lord knows the way of the righteous, But the way of the ungodly shall perish.” (Psalms 1:1‭-‬6 NKJV).

“A worthless person, a wicked man, Walks with a perverse mouth; He winks with his eyes, He shuffles his feet, He points with his fingers; Perversity is in his heart, He devises evil continually, He sows discord. Therefore, his calamity shall come suddenly; Suddenly he shall be broken without remedy. These six things the Lord hates, Yes, seven are an abomination to Him: A proud look, A lying tongue, Hands that shed innocent blood, A heart that devises wicked plans, Feet that are swift in running to evil, A false witness who speaks lies, And one who sows discord among brethren.” (Proverbs 6:12‭-‬19 NKJV).

“Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived. Neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals, nor sodomites, nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners will inherit the kingdom of God.” (I Corinthians 6:9‭-‬10 NKJV).

“Come now, and let us reason together,” Says the Lord, “Though your sins are like scarlet, They shall be as white as snow; Though they are red like crimson, They shall be as wool. If you are willing and obedient, You shall eat the good of the land; But if you refuse and rebel, You shall be devoured by the sword”; For the mouth of the Lord has spoken.” (Isaiah 1:18‭-‬20 NKJV).

“This is the message which we have heard from Him and declare to you, that God is light and in Him is no darkness at all. If we say that we have fellowship with Him, and walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth. But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanses us from all sin. If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. If we say that we have not sinned, we make Him a liar, and His word is not in us.” (I John 1:5‭-‬10 NKJV).

Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, And to present you faultless Before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, To God our Savior, Who alone is wise, Be glory and majesty, Dominion and power, Both now and forever. Amen.
[Jude 1:24‭-‬25 NKJV]